opp/ai: Tsarin AI Mai Kiyaye Sirri A Kan Blockchain

Teburin Abubuwan Ciki

• 1 Gabatarwa
• 2 Bayanan Baya
  • 2.1 Ƙalubalen AI A Kan Shafuka
  • 2.2 Injunan Koyo Na Sirri (zkML)
  • 2.3 Injunan Koyo Masu Kyakkyawan Fata (opML)
• 3 Tsarin opp/ai
  • 3.1 Bayyani Game da Tsarin Gina
  • 3.2 Ma'amala Tsakanin Sirri da Ingantacciyar Aiki
• 4 Aiwatar da Fasaha
  • 4.1 Tushen Lissafi
  • 4.2 Aiwar da Lambar Tsarin
• 5 Sakamakon Gwaji
• 6 Ayyuka na Gaba
• 7 Nassoshi
• 8 Bincike Mai zurfi

1 Gabatarwa

Haɗuwar Fasahar Hankali na Wucin Gadi (AI) da fasahar blockchain yana sake fasalin duniyar dijital, yana ba da ayyukan AI masu zaman kansu, amintattu, da inganci a dandamalin blockchain. Duk da alkawari, manyan buƙatun lissafi na AI akan blockchain suna haifar da matukar damuwa game da sirri da inganci. An gabatar da tsarin AI Mai Kiyaye Sirri (opp/ai) a matsayin mafita mai ƙima ga waɗannan matsalolin, yana daidaita tsakanin kariyar sirri da ingantaccen aikin lissafi.

2 Bayanan Baya

2.1 Ƙalubalen AI A Kan Shafuka

Aiwatar da lissafin AI kai tsaye akan blockchain yana fuskantar manyan ƙalubale saboda farashin lissafi. Misali, aiwatar da ainihin ninka matrix (lambobi 1000×1000) akan Ethereum yana buƙatar fiye da biliyan 3 na gas, wanda ya wuce iyakar gas a toshe. Wannan yana tilasta aikace-aikacen su yi amfani da lissafin da ba na kan shafuka ba, wanda ke saba ka'idojin rarrabuwa.

2.2 Injunan Koyo Na Sirri (zkML)

zkML yana amfani da shaidar sirri don kare bayanan sirri da sigogin samfuri yayin horo da fassara. Yayin da ake magance matsalolin sirri, zkML yana fuskantar ƙalubale tare da manyan farashin lissafi da buƙatun samar da hujja, wanda ke sa ba zai yiwu ba ga manyan aikace-aikace.

2.3 Injunan Koyo Masu Kyakkyawan Fata (opML)

opML yana amfani da tsarin hujja na zamba don tabbatar da daidaiton sakamakon ML tare da ƙaramin lissafi akan shafuka. An yi wahayi daga lissafin ƙididdiga masu kyakkyawan fata (Optimism, Arbitrum), wannan hanya tana ɗaukar ingancin sakamako sai dai idan an ƙalubalance shi, amma tana buƙatar samun bayanan jama'a, wanda ke haifar da iyakokin sirri.

3 Tsarin opp/ai

3.1 Bayyani Game da Tsarin Gina

Tsarin opp/ai ya haɗa zkML don sirri da opML don inganci, yana ƙirƙirar samfuri gauraye wanda aka ƙera musamman don ayyukan AI na blockchain. Tsarin yana amfani da dabarun ciniki tsakanin sirri da inganci don shawo kan iyakokin hanyoyi ɗaya.

3.2 Ma'amala Tsakanin Sirri da Ingantacciyar Aiki

Tsarin yana magance ainihin ciniki tsakanin ingantaccen aikin lissafi da kiyaye sirri. Ta hanyar haɗa tabbaci mai kyakkyawan fata tare da zaɓaɓɓun hujjojin sirri, opp/ai yana cimma ingantaccen aiki yayin kiyaye garanti na sirri.

4 Aiwar da Fasaha

4.1 Tushen Lissafi

Tsarin yana amfani da manyan hanyoyin ɓoyayyen rubutu gami da zk-SNARKs don ingantaccen tabbacin hujja. Tsarin tabbacin asali ana iya wakilta shi kamar haka:

$V(\sigma, \phi, \pi) \rightarrow \{0,1\}$

inda $\sigma$ shine bayanin, $\phi$ shine shaida, kuma $\pi$ shine hujja. Tsarin yana tabbatar da cewa ga ingantattun bayanai, mai tantancewa yana karɓa tare da babban yuwuwar.

4.2 Aiwar da Lambar Tsarin

A ƙasa akwai misalin sauƙaƙaƙƙen lambar tsarin na tsarin tabbacin opp/ai:

aiki tabbaciSakamakonAI(bayanin_shigarwa, hash_samfuri, hujja):
    # Lokaci mai kyakkyawan fata: ɗauka inganci
    idan babu_kalubale_cikin_lokaci(bayanin_shigarwa, hash_samfuri):
        mayar da KARɓA
    
    # Tabbacin zkML idan an kalubalance
    idan hujja != Babu kuma tabbaci_hujjar_zk(hujja, bayanin_shigarwa, hash_samfuri):
        mayar da KARɓA
    in ba haka ba:
        mayar da ƘI
        
aiki samar_hujjar_zk(samfuri, bayanin_shigarwa):
    # Samar da hujjar sirri don lissafi
    shaida = lissafa_shaida(samfuri, bayanin_shigarwa)
    hujja = zk_snark_tabbata(shaida, sigogin_dairai)
    mayar da hujja

5 Sakamakon Gwaji

Ƙimar gwaji ta nuna gagarumin ci gaba a cikin ingantaccen aikin lissafi idan aka kwatanta da hanyoyin zkML kawai. Hanyar gauraye ta rage lokacin samar da hujja da kashi 60-80% yayin kiyaye garanti na sirri da ake karɓa. Ma'aunin aiki ya nuna:

• Lokacin samar da hujja: An rage daga mintuna 45 zuwa mintuna 12 don daidaitattun samfuran ML
• Farashin Gas: Rage kashi 75% idan aka kwatanta da tabbaci akan shafuka
• Yawan Aiki: Tallafawa ma'amala sau 10 fiye da aiwatar da zkML kawai

An gwada tsarin akan ayyukan rarraba hotuna da hasashen kuɗi, yana nuna ci gaba mai daidaito a cikin tsarin gine-ginen samfuri daban-daban.

6 Ayyuka na Gaba

Tsarin opp/ai yana ba da damar yawancin aikace-aikacen AI na blockchain ciki har da:

• Kasuwanni na hasashen kuɗi masu zaman kansu
• Nazarin kiwon lafiya mai kiyaye sirri
• Ingantacciyar hanyar samar da kaya mai aminci
• Tsarin mulkin AI masu bayyani

Ci gaba na gaba zai mayar da hankali kan dacewar tsakanin shafuka, ingantattun tsarin hujja, da haɗin kai tare da sabbin tsarin gine-ginen AI kamar hanyoyin sadarwa na canzawa da samfuran yadawa.

7 Nassoshi

1. Buterin, V. (2021). "AI A Kan Shafuka da Makomar Lissafi Mai Rarrabuwa." Gidauniyar Ethereum.
2. Gennaro, R., da sauransu. (2013). "Shirye-shiryen Tsawon Quadratic da NIZKs masu taƙaitawa ba tare da PCPs ba." EUROCRYPT.
3. Ben-Sasson, E., da sauransu. (2014). "Taƙaitaccen Ilimin Sirri Ba tare da Mu'amala ba don Tsarin Gina na von Neumann." Tsaron USENIX.
4. Zhu, J.Y., da sauransu. (2017). "Fassarar Hotuna Zuwa Hotuna maras Biyu ta Amfani da Hanyoyin Sadarwa Masu Adawa da Zagayawa." ICCV.
5. Ƙungiyar Optimism. (2022). "Tsarin Gina na Lissafi Mai Kyakkyawan Fata." Takaddun Fasaha.

8 Bincike Mai zurfi

Mai Kaifi: Tsarin opp/ai a zahiri yana neman hanyar uku tsakanin cikakkiyar sirri ta akidar zkML da fifikon inganci na opML - wannan ƙwaƙƙwaran ƙirƙira yana nuna ainihin yanayin da fagen AI na blockchain ke tafiya daga binciken ka'ida zuwa aiwatar da kasuwanci.

Sarkar Hankali: Hankalin da takarda ta gina ya bayyana sarai: zkML kawai saboda farashin lissafi mai yawa ba zai iya yin girma ba → opML kawai saboda bayanan jama'a yana ba da sirri → Tsarin gauraye yana cimma daidaito ta hanyar rarraba haɗari. Wannan tsarin ya tuna mini da falsafar ƙira game da daidaiton zagayowar a cikin takardar CycleGAN (Zhu et al., ICCV 2017), duk suna neman mafi kyawun bayani a cikin ƙayyadaddun sharuɗɗa.

Abubuwan Haske da Ragewa: Mafi girman haske shine ƙirar tsarin na yanayi, wanda ke ba da damar daidaita matakin sirri bisa yanayin aiki - wannan ya fi dacewa da hanyar kasuwanci fiye da riƙe "ko duka ko babu" na tsaftar ilimi. Amma abin ragewa shima ya bayyana: Takardar ba ta bayyana takamaiman ma'auni na "cinikin sirri na dabarun" ba, wannan rashin fayyace na iya haifar da ɓarkewar tsaro a aikace. Kamar yadda masu bincike na Gidauniyar Ethereum suka nuna, fuskar harin tsarin gauraye sau da yawa ta fi na tsari kawai ta rikitaru (Buterin, 2021).

Bayar da Umarni na Aiki: Ga masu haɓakawa, yanzu ya kamata su fara gwada iyakar tsarin samfuri na opp/ai a fannoni na kuɗi da kiwon lafiya; ga masu saka hannun jari, ku mai da hankali ga ƙungiyoyin da za su iya ƙididdige farashin sirri da ribar inganci a sarari; ga malamai, ana buƙatar kafa ingantaccen samfurin tsaro na tsarin gauraye. Wannan tsarin ba ƙarshe bane, amma shine farkon gasar amfani da AI na blockchain.